Rotting Oranges

Med
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Solution Guide: Rotting Oranges

Approach

All rotten oranges act as Level 0 and spread rot outward together each minute. Use BFS with time per cell.

Complexity Analysis

Time
O(m * n)
Space
O(m * n)

Pattern

Multi-Source BFS

Why It Works

BFS frontier guarantees all oranges at the same distance from initial rotten oranges rot at the same minute; the final time is the maximum infection layer.

Updated Feb 2026